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Minor Pieces 49: Alice Elizabeth Hooke Part 2

Last time we left Alice Elizabeth Hooke in 1914, on the outbreak of the First World War, a member of the London Ladies’ Chess Club and a competitor in the British Ladies’ Championships. She was unmarried, living in Cobham, and working as a Civil Servant for the Post Office Savings Bank near Olympia.

It would have been understandable if she had retired from chess at that point, but in the following decade she made a comeback. And what a comeback it was.

Our first post-war reference is in the 1921 British Championships, where she played in the Second Class A tournament, scoring 4½/11. I presume she wasn’t selected for the British Ladies’ Championship that year. Not having played for some years, and now in her late 50s, perhaps the selectors had good reason.

By 1922 Alice had moved from Cobham to Barnes, much more convenient for her job in Kensington, I suppose. Again, that year’s British Championship saw her competing in the Second Class A tournament, only managing 3/11.

On 27 October 1923 the Cheltenham Chronicle published this position, which, they claimed, won a brilliancy prize in that year’s British Championship. I think they made a mistake: there’s no evidence that Alice played in the British that year, and in any case the subsidiary tournaments were run in a different way. So this game must have been played the previous year, where one of her three wins was against Arthur William Daniel, better known as one of England’s leading problemists of his day. As always, click on any move for a pop-up window.

[pgn]

[Event “Br Ch 2nd Class A London”]
[Date “1922.??.??”]
[Round “?”]
[White “Hooke, Alice Elizabeth”]
[Black “Daniel, Arthur William”]
[Result “1-0”]
[SetUp “1”]

[FEN “2rr1bk1/p4p1q/1p2p2p/7N/8/1PP5/P3Q1PP/4RR1K b – – 0 1”]
[PlyCount “6”]

{[#]} 1… Bg7 $2 (1… Qd3 $11) (1… Be7 $16) 2. Rxf7 $3 Kxf7 3. Qxe6+ Kf8 4.
Rf1+ $1 *

 

[/pgn]

The pension age for both men and women was reduced from 70 to 65 in 1925, so it’s possible Alice was still working at this point.

Here, from about 1924, is a Ledger Room in Blythe House. I’d imagine Alice was in a more senior role: perhaps, with her undoubted administrative skills, she was supervising the ladies in this picture.

Source: Wikipedia (Blythe House)

Rather unexpectedly, she moved out of London again at about this point, this time up to Abbots Langley, north of Watford: electoral rolls for the period give her address as The Bungalow, Tanners Hill. If she was still working in London this would have been quite a long commute for her.

By 1925 she was back at the British Championships, this time selected for the British Ladies’ Championship for the first time since 1914. Her score of 4½/11 was very similar to her previous scores in the event.

In 1928 Alice Elizabeth Hooke moved back to London, settling at 14 Brandon Mansions, Queens Club Gardens, W14, a mansion flat on the borders of Fulham and West Kensington, a mile or so from Blythe House (was she still working there?) and within easy reach of Hammersmith Bridge, where a bus would take her to visit her beloved brother George, whose wife would sadly die that year.

The British Championships that year took place in Tenby, and she made the journey to Pembrokeshire, where she more than surpassed her previous performances. She’d always finished mid-table in the past, but this time she finished in 3rd place with a score of 7/11 (including a win by default), behind Edith Charlotte Price and Agnes Bradley (Lawson) Stevenson.

This game, against the tournament winner, doesn’t show her in the best light.  Alice chose a dubious plan in the opening and then made a tactical oversight, losing rather horribly.

[pgn]

[Event “British CF-21 Women”]
[Site “Tenby (Wales)”]
[Date “1928.07.??”]
[Round “?”]
[White “Price, Edith Charlotte”]
[Black “Hooke, Alice Elizabeth”]
[Result “1-0”]
[ECO “C91”]
[Annotator “Tactical Analysis 5.2 (1s)”]
[PlyCount “39”]
[EventDate “1928.07.02”]
[EventType “tourn”]
[EventRounds “11”]
[EventCountry “GBR”]
[SourceTitle “EXT 2017”]
[Source “ChessBase”]
[SourceDate “2016.10.25”]
[SourceVersion “1”]
[SourceVersionDate “2016.10.25”]
[SourceQuality “1”]

1. e4 {ChessBase} e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O d6 6. Re1 Be7 7. c3
O-O 8. d4 b5 9. Bb3 Bb7 10. Nbd2 {[#]} Na5 $146 {C91: Closed Ruy Lopez: 7…d6
8 c3 0-0 9 d4.} ({Predecessor:} 10… h6 11. Qe2 exd4 12. cxd4 Re8 13. Nf1 Bf8
14. Ng3 Ne7 15. Nh4 c5 16. Qf3 c4 17. Bc2 Nc6 18. Nhf5 g6 19. Bxh6 Nxd4 20.
Nxd4 Bxh6 {0-1 (50) Whitaker,N-Showalter,J Lexington/ Georgetown 1916 EXT 1999
[ChessBase]}) 11. Bc2 Nd7 12. Nf1 Rc8 {White is better.} 13. Ng3 Nc4 14. Nf5
Bf6 15. b3 Ncb6 16. Be3 d5 $2 {A mistake that costs the game.} (16… Kh8 $16)
17. exd5 {[#] dxe5 is the strong threat.} Nxd5 $2 (17… e4) 18. dxe5 $18 Nxc3
(18… Bxe5 $142 19. Nxe5 Nxe5) 19. Qd3 {White threatens Nh6+ and mate.} Nxe5 {
[#]} 20. Ne7+ $1 {Source: The Observer, 15 July 1928; Cheltenham Chronicle, 28
July 1928 (Black not identified); Glasgow Herald, 18 Aug 1928. Weighted Error
Value: White=0.27 (precise) /Black=1.71} 1-0

[/pgn]

At this point her chess career really took off. She joined Barnes Village Chess Club and, probably for the first time since the demise of the Ladies’ Chess Club, started playing regularly in club matches. You might have seen this before.

Richmond Herald 15 December 1928

Barnes Village wasn’t the only club she joined. She also, rather improbably, joined Lewisham Chess Club over in South East London, playing for them in the London League and for Metropolitan Kent in a competition against other parts of the county. They had several female members, most notably the aforementioned Agnes Bradley Stevenson, who lived in Clapham and was married to the Kent born organiser Rufus Henry Streatfeild Stevenson: perhaps it was she who encouraged her friends to join Lewisham.

You’ll have seen a photograph of Alice playing Agnes Lawson, as she then was, in the previous article.

In 1929, now very much involved in Kent chess, she took part in their Easter congress, playing in the First Class A section. She also played in the British Ladies’ Championship again, which took place in Ramsgate that year, but found herself back in the middle of the pack, with a score of 5/11.

In June 1930 Alice took part in an event which attracted a lot of press attention: a chess match on a liner.

West Sussex Gazette 05 June 1930

There she was, playing in the same team as Sultan Khan and other notables from various fields, one of thirteen ladies in the 32-player team (Board 32 was Mildred Gibbs). There, you’ll see, was Kate Finn, one of the F squad from the London Ladies’ Chess Club, from whom little had been heard since World War One. Although Agnes Stevenson wasn’t playing, her husband was there on board 13. There’s a lot more to say about this match: I’ll return to it in a later Minor Piece.

British Chess Magazine June 1930, copied from Chess Notes (https://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/sultankhan.html)

You can see Alice seated second from the right in this photograph of the event.

The British Ladies’ Championship in 1930 required a trip to Scarborough, and it was there that Alice Elizabeth Hooke scored what would be one of her greatest successes. She shared first place with Agnes Stevenson with a score of 8½/11. Although she lost the play-off it seemed that, now in her late 60s, Alice was in the form of her life.

Kent & Sussex Courier 11 July 1930

The following month the news wasn’t so good, as Alice was involved in an accident requiring hospital treatment.

Fulham Chronicle 15 August 1930

I can sympathise: Hammersmith Broadway has never been the easiest place to cross the road. Fortunately, she made a full recovery.

In 1931 in Worcester, Alice was less successful at the British Ladies’ Championship, but her score of 6½/11 was very respectable and sufficed for 5th place.

She didn’t have to travel far for the 1932 British Ladies’ Championship, which took place at Whiteley’s department store in Bayswater, which also hosted the Empire Social Chess Club. Perhaps the home advantage helped as she repeated her 1930 success, sharing first place this time with Kingston’s Edith Mary Ann Michell and her old rival Agnes Bradley Stevenson. Her loss to tailender Jeanie Brockett, from Glasgow, who had also beaten her last year, cost her the title.

BritBase reports on the play-off:

The first game, played at the Empire Social Chess Club, Bayswater, London, on Thursday 8 September 1932, was a win for Agnes Stevenson against Edith Michell. Subsequent games had to await the return of Alice Hooke from holiday. Two games were played during the week 19-25 September in which Stevenson and Michell both won games from Hooke and Michell won her return game with Stevenson. Scores at that stage: Michell, Stevenson 2/3, Hooke 0/2. Then according to the Times, 3 October 1932, the following Tuesday (27 September) Michell beat Hooke, but then Hooke won against Stevenson on the Thursday (29 September) making the scores Michell 3/4, Stevenson 2/4 and Hooke 1/4. The text in the Times was as follows: “The match to decide the tie for the British Ladies’ Championship has ended in a win for Mrs. R. P. Michell, who defeated Miss Hooke on Tuesday last. There was a possibility of another tie between Mrs. Michell and Mrs. Stevenson, but Miss Hooke put this out of the question by defeating Mrs. Stevenson on Thursday, and the final scores are:—Mrs. Michell 3 points, Mrs. Stevenson 2, and Miss Hooke 1.”

As she approached her 70th birthday, Alice Elizabeth Hooke seemed finally to have established herself as one of the country’s finest woman players (excluding, of course, Vera Menchik). The results from the pre-war years, where she was consistently in the lower middle reaches, must have been a distant memory. Perhaps the standard of play among the British Ladies had declined, but even so, reaching her peak at this time of her life was undoubtedly a remarkable achievement. In between playing in the tournament, she was also supervising social chess at the Imperial Club, which suggests that, even at that age, she wasn’t short of stamina. Well played, Alice!

It’s unfortunate that very few games from the British Ladies’ Championship in these years have survived: if you come across any of Alice Elizabeth Hooke’s games from these events, do get in touch.

This was to be her last great result, though. Her performances in the three subsequent years saw her back in mid-table positions (4/11 in 1933, 5½/11 in 1934 and 5/11 in 1935), and she also played without success in the First Class A section of the 1933 Folkestone Congress. Perhaps her age was finally catching up with her.

Thanks to Brian Denman for providing this game from a county match where Alice was outplayed by a very strong opponent. The top 20 boards of this match were an official county championship match, for which Mackenzie wasn’t eligible.

[pgn]

[Event “Sussex v Kent B21”]
[Site “Brighton”]
[Date “1931.10.02”]
[Round “?”]
[White “Mackenzie, Arthur John”]
[Black “Hooke, Alice Elizabeth”]
[Result “1-0”]
[ECO “D61”]
[Annotator “Tactical Analysis 5.2 (1s)”]
[PlyCount “69”]
[SourceVersionDate “2022.09.29”]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 c6 4. Nf3 d5 5. Bg5 Be7 6. e3 O-O 7. Qc2 Nbd7 8.
O-O-O {[#]} b6 $146 ({Predecessor:} 8… Re8 9. cxd5 exd5 10. Bd3 Nf8 11. Ne5
Ng4 12. Bf4 Bd6 13. Nxg4 Bxg4 14. f3 Bxf4 15. exf4 Bd7 16. f5 Qf6 17. g4 Re3
18. Be2 Qg5 19. Kb1 {0-1 (47) Alekhine,A-Bagley,C San Francisco 1929}) 9. Bd3 {
D61: Queen’s Gambit Declined: Classical: 7 Qc2.} Ba6 10. Ne5 dxc4 {[#]} (10…
Nxe5 {feels hotter.} 11. dxe5 Nd7 12. Bxh7+ Kh8) 11. Bxh7+ {White is better.}
Nxh7 12. Nxc6 Bxg5 13. Nxd8 Rfxd8 14. f4 Bh6 (14… Be7 $11 {and Black stays
safe.}) 15. g4 $18 {And now g5 would win.} g6 16. g5 Bg7 17. h4 {Black must
now prevent h5.} Bb7 18. Rh3 Ndf8 19. h5 gxh5 20. f5 {& White is more active.}
({Don’t play} 20. Rxh5 $6 Bf3 21. Qh2 Bxh5 22. Qxh5 Ng6 $14) 20… f6 $2 {
[#] White now steadily converts the win.} (20… exf5 $11 {and Black has
nothing to worry.} 21. Rf1 (21. Qxf5 Bc8 $15) 21… Nxg5 22. Rxh5 Be4 23. Nxe4
Nxe4) 21. Rg1 $2 ({Stronger than} 21. g6 Ng5 22. Rxh5 Bf3 $11) (21. gxf6 $1 $18
{is the precise move to win.} Nxf6 22. fxe6) 21… Rac8 $2 (21… Nxg5 $16 22.
Rxh5 Rd7) 22. fxe6 (22. gxf6 $142 Nxf6 23. fxe6) 22… Nxe6 (22… Nxg5 23.
Rxg5 fxg5) 23. gxf6 Nxf6 24. Qf5 Kf7 25. Rxh5 Ke7 26. Rh2 Rf8 27. d5 Nxd5 {[#]}
28. Rxg7+ $1 {Decoy} Nxg7 29. Qe5+ Ne6 {Strongly threatening …Rf1+.} 30.
Nxd5+ Bxd5 31. Qxd5 {The board is on fire.} Rf7 {Against Rh7} (31… Rc5 $142
32. Qb7+ Rc7) 32. Rh6 {White is clearly winning.} Rf6 33. Rh7+ Rf7 34. Rxf7+
Kxf7 35. Qd7+ {Weighted Error Value: White=1.36/Black=0.93 Source:
Staffordshire Advertiser 17 Oct 1931} 1-0

[/pgn]

Here she is in 1932 playing for Lewisham in the London League with Mrs Stevenson & Miss Andrews against a strong Hampstead team including another of her regular rivals, Edith Martha Holloway. There are some interesting names on both sides, but for now I’ll just draw your attention to the Hampstead Board 7 Thomas Ivor Casswell (1902-1989).  He was still playing for Hampstead in the London League 42 years later: I played him in 1974: the result was a draw. The golden thread that binds us all together.

Hampstead News 24 November 1932

The Imperial Chess Club, which ran between 1911 and the outbreak of World War 2, along with the shorter-lived and similarly named Empire Social Chess Club, in some respects, fulfilled the purpose the Ladies’ Chess Club had served before the First World War. The Imperial was open to ladies and gentlemen for mostly social chess, and was in part designed as a club for visitors from other parts of the British Empire, so it was understandable that Sultan Khan and his patron were members.

Kensington News and West London Times 07 April 1933

You will notice that there were eight ladies in each team of this twenty-board friendly match.

For more information about the Empire Social Chess Club I’d encourage you to read two fascinating articles by Martin Smith here and here.

In this 1934 match against the National Physical Laboratory in Teddington she just missed playing metallurgist Edwin George Sutherland (1894-1968).

Richmond Herald 24 March 1934

This was almost certainly the EG Sutherland I played in a 1966 Thames Valley League match between Richmond & Twickenham C and Kingston B. He beat me after I made a horrendous blunder all too typical of my early games in a better position. To the best of my knowledge, he’s also the earliest born of all my opponents in competitive games, whose dates of birth therefore range from the 19th to the 21st centuries.

There are some interesting names in the Beaumont Cup match between Richmond & Kew and Battersea 2: you’ll meet one or two of them in future Minor Pieces.

By the mid 1930s, and now into her 70s, Alice decided it was time to downsize. A new estate of Art Deco mansion flats, called Chiswick Village, had just been built near Kew Bridge, between the A4 and the Thames, which were smaller – and much cheaper – than those in the rather palatial Queen’s Club Gardens. Looking at them now, they’re still remarkably cheap for the area: I was almost tempted to sell off my chess library and buy one myself.

The Brentford & Chiswick Local History Society tells us here that Chiswick Village is the name of the development of four separate blocks containing 280 flats, built on land that was formerly orchards between Wellesley Road and the railway line. The flats, designed by Charles Evelyn Simmons and financed by the People’s Housing Corporation, were built in 1935-6. When the plans were displayed at the Royal Academy, the development was called Chiswick Court Gardens – a more appropriate name than ‘Chiswick Village’ with its connotations of a rural idyll. The 1937 edition of the official guide to Brentford and Chiswick, described Chiswick Village as ‘undoubtedly London’s most remarkable and praiseworthy housing venture’.

In the 1936 electoral roll she was ensconced in 13 Chiswick Village, one of the first occupants of this new development, and was still there, described as a retired civil servant, in 1939.

Although she was no longer taking part in the British Ladies’ Championship, Alice was still playing regularly for Barnes Village Chess Club, and still travelling to Kent where, in 1938, she lost to 12-year-old prodigy Elaine Saunders in the first round of the County Ladies’ Championship. Elaine was actually living in Twickenham at the time: her only Kent connection seems to be that it was her father’s county of birth.

Barnes Village was the only club in the area keeping its doors open during the Second World War, and Alice was still, in old age, very much involved both as a player and a committee member.

Richmond Herald 23 May 1942

In 1942 she was elected a vice-president at their AGM, while her niece Beatrix was also on the committee. But this would be her last AGM as she died at the end of the year at the age of 80. The BCM, beset by wartime paper shortage, only gave her a six line obituary, mistakenly placing the 1897 Ladies’ International two years later.

British Chess Magazine February 1943

She really deserved better. Alice Elizabeth Hooke played an important part in women’s chess in England for more than forty years, both as a player and as a backroom administrator, from her pioneering work with the Ladies’ Chess Club through to playing club chess into her late 70s. Although she wasn’t all that much more than an average club player herself, she was still good enough to share first place in two British Ladies’ Championships in her late 60s. Reaching your peak at that age is also something to be proud of, I think. As she helped keep Barnes Village club going during the Second World War, you might think that some of her legacy is still present in today’s Richmond & Twickenham Chess Club.

Her probate record indicates that since 1939 she’d moved from Chiswick to Barnes, perhaps to be nearer her brother and niece as well as her chess club. I presume 20 Glazbury Road was, at the time, some sort of nursing home or private hospital.

She didn’t leave very much money: she may well have gifted much of it to her relatives to avoid death duties.

The name of Miss Hooke continued to be prominent in Barnes Village chess through George’s daughter Beatrix.

Richmond Herald 14 February 1948

Here she is, in 1948, playing as high as Board 4 in a match against Richmond, who had reconvened after closing during the war. Her opponent, Captain Samuel Ould, had been a Richmond stalwart between the wars, but most of the other Richmond players were relatively new members.

And this is where I come in. I knew George Seaford at what had by that point become Richmond & Twickenham Chess Club, in the 1960s, and Ted Fairbrother into the 1970s, though neither very well. Dr JD Solomon (a strong player) and Stan Perry left Richmond but rejoined for a time in the 1970s, the latter serving a term as Hon Treasurer. There were one or two other Richmond members at the time who would still be involved 20 years later. There was also one player in the team whom I never met, but who had an influence on my early chess career. I’ll write about him another time. The golden thread again.

Richmond Herald 07 October 1950

Here Beatrix is again, celebrating Barnes Village winning the Beaumont Cup (Surrey Division 2) for the first time. This was their first, and, as it turned out, their only trophy, as they would eventually be subsumed into Richmond & Twickenham Chess Club. Also in the photograph is young Peter Roger Vivian (1927-1987): I played him at Paignton, also in 1974. Another strand of the thread.

Two of the Barnes Village members had something else to celebrate in 1950: here are Beatrix and her widower clubmate Dr Gerald Hovenden demonstrating how chess can bring people together. At the time of their marriage Beatrix was 57 and Gerald 81.

Richmond Herald 02 September 1950

This tells us she was living in Elm Bank Mansions, right by Barnes Bridge, and working at Cadby Hall near Olympia, just as in the 1939 Register. Perhaps she walked along the riverbank and over Hammersmith Bridge to work, a journey almost identical to that made by her music teacher at St Paul’s Girls School more than 30 years earlier.

This was Gustav Holst, who, at the time, lived in The Terrace, Barnes, just a few yards upstream from Elm Bank Mansions. Always a keen walker, Holst was in the habit of making that journey on foot. Coincidence, or something more?

National Library of Scotland Ordnance Survey Maps

In this map you can see the Post Office Savings Bank in Blythe Road, just opposite Olympia, where Alice spent her career. Cadby Hall, just round the corner, was where Beatrix worked, as a statistician according to the 1939 Register. (As a footnote, in 1926 she co-authored a scientific paper on British skulls in prehistoric times.) Just a few yards again took you to St Paul’s Girls School, marked as St Paul School here, where Gustav Holst taught music to Beatrix and her sisters, while their brother Cyril attended St Paul’s Boys School, just off the map opposite the smaller school on Hammersmith Road. I visited there a couple of times myself in the 1960s for school bridge matches: it was rebuilt in Barnes, the other side of Hammersmith Bridge, a few years later. It’s extraordinary how much of the Hooke family’s lives played out within such a small area of London.

If you continue west along Hammersmith Road, you’ll soon reach Hammersmith Broadway, where Alice was knocked down by a cyclist, and the Underground stations. Continue into King Street and you’ll pass a turning on your right taking you to the London Mind Sports Centre, also the home of Hammersmith Chess Club, and then arrive at Latymer Upper School, a place I used to know very well.

Did Gerald and Beatrix continue playing chess after their marriage? Sadly, the online Richmond Herald records only go up to 1950, so I’d have to get out of my chair to find out. Gerald lived on until 1957, while Beatrix retired to Sussex, where she died in 1974.

That concludes the story of the chess playing Hooke family: George, his sister Alice and his daughter Beatrix. George and Alice were prominent players in earlier decades, but through their work and play at Barnes Village Chess Club for a quarter of a century they had a huge influence on chess in the Borough of Richmond upon Thames. It’s the likes of them, organisers behind the scenes as well as players, who make the chess world go round. Raise a glass to them next time you visit us at the Adelaide.

 

Supplementary games:

[pgn]

[Event “R&TC v Kingston B”]
[Site “?”]
[Date “1966.??.??”]
[Round “?”]
[White “Sutherland, Edwin George”]
[Black “James, Richard”]
[Result “1-0”]
[ECO “B50”]
[Annotator “Tactical Analysis 5.2 (1s)”]
[PlyCount “49”]
[EventDate “1966.??.??”]
[EventType “game”]

1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. c3 Nf6 4. d3 g6 5. Be2 Bg7 6. Nbd2 {B50: Sicilian: 2…
d6, Miscellaneous.} e6 $146 ({Predecessor:} 6… O-O 7. Nf1 c4 8. Ng3 cxd3 9.
Qxd3 Nc6 10. Bf4 d5 11. Rd1 dxe4 12. Nxe4 Nxe4 13. Qxe4 {1/2-1/2 (27) Myers,
H-Pavey,M New York 1957}) 7. Nc4 d5 8. Ncd2 {The position is equal.} Nc6 9. Qc2
(9. e5 $5 Nd7 10. d4 $15) 9… d4 10. Nc4 Qc7 11. Bg5 e5 (11… h6 $5 12. Bc1
e5 $11) 12. Bh4 Nd7 13. Bg3 b5 14. Ncd2 {[#] aiming for cxd4.} Bb7 15. O-O O-O
16. Nb3 $2 (16. cxd4 $16 cxd4 {[#]} 17. Nxd4 $1) 16… Qb6 17. h3 Ne7 18. Nbd2
Rac8 19. a4 {Hoping for axb5.} a6 20. a5 Qc7 ({Better is} 20… Qd6 $19 {
And now …Kh8 would win.} 21. Qb3 Nc6) 21. Qb3 Qc6 22. Rac1 dxc3 23. Qxc3 Qc7
24. b4 cxb4 $2 (24… Nc6 $17 25. bxc5 Qxa5) 25. Qxc7 {Weighted Error Value:
White=0.83/Black=0.74} 1-0

 

[pgn]

[Event “R&T1 v Hampstead”]
[Site “?”]
[Date “1974.??.??”]
[Round “?”]
[White “James, Richard”]
[Black “Casswell, Thomas Ivor”]
[Result “1/2-1/2”]
[ECO “E25”]
[Annotator “Tactical Analysis 5.2 (1s)”]
[PlyCount “62”]
[EventDate “1974.??.??”]
[EventType “game”]

1. d4 Nf6 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Bb4 4. a3 Bxc3+ 5. bxc3 c5 6. f3 d5 7. cxd5 exd5 8.
e3 O-O 9. Bd3 c4 {E49: Nimzo-Indian: Rubinstein: 5 Bd3 d5 6 a3 Bxc3+ 7 bxc3.}
10. Bc2 Re8 11. Ne2 {Threatens to win with Rb1.} b5 {White is better.} 12. O-O
$146 ({Predecessor:} 12. a4 bxa4 13. O-O Bb7 14. g4 h5 15. h3 g6 16. Qe1 Qc7
17. Qh4 Nbd7 18. g5 {1-0 (28) Collins,J-Honn,J USA 1964}) 12… Bb7 13. Ng3 {
Hoping for Qe1.} Nbd7 14. Nf5 Nf8 15. g4 {Black must now prevent g5.} g6 $2 (
15… Bc8 $16) 16. Ng3 Kg7 17. e4 $2 (17. g5 $18) 17… dxe4 $14 18. fxe4 {
[#] Remove Defender} (18. g5 {is interesting.} Nh5 19. fxe4 Nxg3 20. hxg3 Bxe4
21. Rxf7+ Kxf7 22. Bxe4 Ne6 23. Qf3+) 18… Nxe4 19. Bxe4 ({Reject} 19. Qf3 Nd6
20. d5 (20. Qf4 Kg8 $17) 20… Qb6+ 21. Rf2 Nd7 $15) (19. Nxe4 {looks sharper.}
Bxe4 20. Rxf7+ Kxf7 21. Bxe4 Rxe4 22. Qf3+) 19… Bxe4 20. Nxe4 {Remove
Defender} ({Of course not} 20. Qd2 Kg8 21. Nxe4 Rxe4 $17) 20… Rxe4 21. Rxf7+
{Decoy} Kxf7 22. Qf3+ Qf6 ({Resist} 22… Kg8 23. Qxe4 Rc8 24. Bh6 $14) 23.
Qxe4 Re8 24. Qd5+ {The position is equal.} Qe6 25. Qxe6+ Rxe6 $11 {Endgame
KRB-KRN} 26. Bh6 {[#] Rf1+ is the strong threat.} Nd7 27. a4 a6 28. axb5 axb5
29. Rb1 Rb6 30. Bg5 Nf6 31. Bxf6 Kxf6 {White really could win this. Weighted
Error Value: White=0.34/Black=0.28 (precise)} 1/2-1/2

[/pgn]

[pgn]

[Event “Paignton Challengers A”]
[Site “?”]
[Date “1974.??.??”]
[Round “5”]
[White “James, Richard”]
[Black “Vivian, Peter Roger”]
[Result “1-0”]
[ECO “A53”]
[Annotator “Tactical Analysis 5.2 (1s)”]
[PlyCount “73”]
[EventDate “1974.??.??”]
[EventType “game”]
[EventRounds “7”]

1. c4 Nf6 2. Nc3 d6 3. d4 Nbd7 4. e4 e5 5. d5 c6 6. f3 {A53: Old Indian
Defence without Nf3.} h5 $146 ({Predecessor:} 6… cxd5 7. cxd5 Be7 8. Be3 O-O
9. Qd2 Ne8 10. Nge2 f5 11. exf5 Rxf5 12. Ng3 Rf8 13. Bd3 Ndf6 {1-0 (41) Petras,
J-Kollar,J Prague 1964}) 7. Be3 Qc7 8. Qd2 {White is clearly better.} Be7 9.
Bd3 Nf8 10. Nge2 Ng6 11. b4 a5 12. b5 c5 13. Ng3 b6 14. Nf5 Bf8 15. O-O-O Bd7
16. h4 O-O-O 17. Rdg1 $36 {White is in control. & White is much more active.
The black rooks are badly placed.} Ne7 18. g4 g6 19. Nxe7+ ({Resist} 19. Bg5
Nfg8 $14) 19… Bxe7 20. g5 Nh7 21. f4 exf4 22. Bxf4 Bf8 23. Qh2 {e5 is the
strong threat.} Bg4 24. e5 Bf3 25. exd6 Qd7 (25… Bxd6 26. Bxd6 Rxd6) 26. Bf1
$18 Bg7 {[#]} (26… Bxh1 $2 27. Bh3 (27. Rxh1 f5 $15) 27… f6 28. Bxd7+ Rxd7
29. Qxh1 $18) 27. Bh3 $1 Bg4 28. Bxg4 {The board is on fire.} hxg4 29. Na4 Kb7
30. Re1 {aiming for Re7.} Rde8 {Prevents Re7.} (30… Rhe8 $142 31. Qc2 Nf8)
31. Qg2 $2 (31. Bd2 $18) 31… f5 $2 {Loses the game.} (31… Qf5 $16 32. Bg3
Qd3) 32. Re6 Qd8 33. Rhe1 Bd4 34. Re7+ Ka8 {[#]} 35. Nxb6+ $1 Qxb6 36. Rxe8+
Rxe8 37. Rxe8+ {Weighted Error Value: White=0.30/Black=0.71} 1-0

 

[/pgn]

Sources and acknowledgements:

ancestry.co.uk

findmypast.co.uk

Wikipedia

chessgames.com: Alice’s page here.

Britbase (John Saunders): British Championship links here.

EdoChess (Rod Edwards): Alice’s page here.

chess.com

Streatham & Brixton Chess Club Blog (no longer active)

Google Maps

National Library of Scotland Maps

Brentford & Chiswick Local History Society website

Hooke Family History

Other sources referenced in the text.

Minor Pieces 22: Cecil Alfred Lucas Bull Part 1

 

Surrey Comet 5 March 1887

If you’ve been paying attention you’ll have seen this before. I’d like to draw your attention to Twickenham’s Board 3, Mr. C. A. L. Bull.

In the world of over the board chess he was a Minor Piece, but in the rarefied world of chess problems he was undoubtedly a Major Piece. It’s not so easy, though, to piece together his life as there appear to be no genealogists in his immediate family.

Let’s take a look.

We’ll start with his paternal grandfather, Benjamin Bull. Ben was born in Market Harborough, Leicestershire, a town we’ll have occasion to visit again, but I haven’t as yet found any family connections with other chess players whose family came from that area.

He was a hotel proprietor and we can pick him up in the 1851 census running the Castle Hotel in Richmond, which was demolished in 1888, but its successor would, in 1912, be the venue of the British Chess Championships. It’s quite possible a future series of articles will enable us to meet some of those who visited our fair Borough in 1912 to push their pawns around wooden chequered boards.

Ben and his wife Mary Ann had five sons and a daughter. One of their sons, Richard Smith Bull, achieved some fame as an actor using the stage name Richard Boleyn, but our story continues with another son, Thomas Bull.

Tom, by profession an auctioneer and surveyor, was born in 1839, and, in 1865, married  the 18 year old Julia Sellé, daughter of William Christian Sellé, doctor of music, composer, and Musician in Ordinary to Queen Victoria. Their first child was born in Ramsgate, Kent, but they soon settled, like all the best people, in Twickenham. Tom and Julia had 11 children, one of whom died in infancy, and it’s their fourth son, Cecil Alfred Lucas Bull, who interests us.

He was born (as Cecil Lucas Bull: he would sometimes be known as Lucas Bull) in the second quarter of 1869 and baptised (now Cecil Alfred Lucas) at St Mary the Virgin Church, Twickenham on 16 June that year.

St Mary the Virgin Church Twickenham. Author’s photograph.

In the 1871 census we find Tom and Julia, with four young children, Julius, Alan, Cecil and Beatrix, living in Sussex Villa, Clifden Road, Twickenham, close to the town centre. They must have been well off as they could afford to employ no less than four servants, a cook, a housemaid and two nurses to look after their rapidly expanding family.

In round about 1875 the family moved from Twickenham to Ferry Road, Teddington, just across the road from where, a few years later, St Alban’s Church would be built, and where Noël Coward’s family would both worship and entertain.

The 1881 census records Tom and Julia in Ferry Road, now with Julius, Alan, Cecil, Beatrix, Maud, Gwynneth, Clifford, Walter and Allegra, along with a nurse, a cook, a housemaid and a parlourmaid. Life must have been good for the prosperous Bull family.

This tells us that young Cecil (I think they missed a trick by not adding Ferdinand to his name, making him Bull, CALF) was only 17 when he first represented Twickenham Chess Club. Not exceptional today, but it would have been very unusual, although I haven’t found any specific reference to his youth, at the time. Playing on third board and winning both his games, he must already have been a more than useful player. He went on to win the club’s handicap tournament on two occasions, playing off scratch.

Even at that point, he’d been active elsewhere in the chess world for some time. His first problem was published in The Field in May 1885, just before his 16th birthday. It soon became clear that he was both exceptionally knowledgeable about chess problems and had a remarkable talent as a composer.

His first prize in the Liverpool Weekly Courier in 1886 caused a sensation and also a bit of controversy at the time.

[fen]K3B3/8/1P1pk3/2pN1p1P/P1N2P1P/7q/2QRp3/4r3 w – – 0 1[/fen]

Problem 1. White to play and mate in 3 moves. Solution at the end of the article.

Although he published a few mates in 2 and longer mates, and also a few selfmates, most of his problems were mates in 3. His younger brothers Clifford and Walter also had a few problems published in their teens, but seem not to have continued their interest.

As well as blockbusting prizewinners, Cecil had a knack for composing crowd-pleasing lightweight problems which would have been attractive to over-the-board players.

[fen]4N3/6K1/bPp5/P1k5/Q3p3/4P1p1/8/7n w – – 0 1[/fen]

Problem 2, another mate in 3, was published in the British Chess Magazine in 1888.

Chess wasn’t young Cecil’s only game. From 1888 onwards we find him playing cricket for a variety of local clubs: Strawberry Hill, Teddington, East Molesey, Barnes before settling on Hampton Wick. He was a talented all-rounder, excelling with both the bat and the ball. (I’d have called him both a bowler and a batsman, but today, in the spirit of political correctness, we’re expected to use ‘batter’ instead. I’m afraid it just makes me think of Yorkshire pudding, though.) His teammates sometimes included his older brother Alan, and Edward Albert Bush, who, in 1891, married his sister Beatrix. I do hope they celebrated at the Bull & Bush.

Hampton Wick Royal Cricket Ground. Author’s photograph.

Problem 3 is another prize winner: this one shared 2nd prize in the Bristol Mercury in 1890. Again, it’s mate in 3.

[fen]8/1p6/r2p1p2/p2k3P/N3RP2/1p2P1K1/2bP2Q1/8 w – – 0 1[/fen]

By 1891 the Bulls had moved again. They were now in Walpole Gardens, just by Strawberry Hill Station, with Beatrix, Maud, Gwynneth, Clifford, Walter and their youngest son, Basil. I haven’t been able to find Allegra in 1891. There were now only two servants. Did they need less help as their children grew up?

Cecil was in Bloomsbury in 1891, living ‘on own means’ in the home of a classics teacher who also took in boarders. It seems that he was wealthy enough not to need a job, so was able to devote his time to his hobbies of chess and cricket.

Here’s how FR Gittins would describe his early life in The Chess Bouquet.

From The Chess Bouquet by Frederick Richard Gittins (1897)

And then, in 1892, everything changed. Julia died and the family started to disperse. Walter emigrated to America, where he would later be joined by Basil. Cecil, because of his passion for cricket, soon set sail for South Africa, where Clifford would later join him. It’s possible that the oldest brother, Julius, also emigrated to South Africa, but this is at present uncertain.

Meanwhile, Thomas married a widow named Margaret Crampton in Steyning, Sussex in 1895, and by 1901 they were living in Chingford, Essex. Clifford was the only one of his children still living with him. I haven’t yet been able to find the family in the 1911 census: I suppose it’s quite possible they were visiting one of Tom’s children in America or South Africa. It looks like Thomas Bull died in Chelsea in 1918 at the age of 78.

Do you want to find out what happened to Cecil in South Africa? I’m sure you do. Don’t miss our next exciting episode.

Sources and Acknowledgements:

Ancestry

Findmypast

Wikipedia

Problems and solutions taken from Yet Another Chess Problem Database.

Thanks to Dr Tim Harding for The Chess Bouquet.

Solutions to problems:

1.

1.♖d4! 1…♖d1 (R~1) 2.♕×e2+ ♕e3 3.♕×e3# 1…♕f1 2.♖e4+ 2…f×e4 3.♕×e4# 2…♔×d5 3.♘e3# 3.♕d3# 2.♕×f5+ ♔×f5 3.♗d7# 1…♕g2 2.♕×f5+ ♔×f5 3.♗d7# 1…♕g4 2.♖e4+ 2…f×e4 3.♕×e4# 2…♔×d5 3.♘e3# 3.♕d3# 1…♕h1 2.♕×f5+ ♔×f5 3.♗d7# 1…♕h2 2.♕×f5+ ♔×f5 3.♗d7# 2.♖e4+ 2…f×e4 3.♕×e4# 2…♔×d5 3.♘e3# 3.♕d3# 1…♕a3 (Qb3, Qc3, Qf3, Qg3) 2.♕×f5+ ♔×f5 3.♗d7# 1…♕d3 2.♖×d3 ♖a1 (R~1) 3.♕×e2# 1…♕e3 2.♘×e3 ~ 3.♕×f5# 1…♕×h4 2.♕×f5+ ♔×f5 3.♗d7# 2.♖e4+ 2…f×e4 3.♕×e4# 2…♔×d5 3.♘e3# 3.♕d3# 1…c×d4 2.♘e5 ~ 3.♗f7# 2…d×e5 3.♕c6#

2.

1.♔f8! ~ 2.♘c7 ~ 3.♕d4# 2…♗c4 3.♕a3# 1…♔d5 2.♕d4+ ♔e6 3.♘g7# (Model mate, Mirror mate) 1…♗c4 2.♕a3+ 2…♔d5 3.♕d6# 2…♔b5 3.♘c7# (Model mate)

3.

1.♕h3! ~ 2.♕f5+ ♔c6 3.♖c4# 1…♗×e4 2.♕c8 ~ 3.♘c3# 2…♖c6 3.♕g8# 1…♗d3 2.♕c8 ♗×e4 3.♘c3# 1…♔c6 2.♕c8+ ♔b5 3.♕c4# 1…♔×e4 2.♕g2+ 2…♔f5 3.♕d5# 2…♔d3 3.♘b2# 1…b5 2.♖d4+ ♔c6 3.♕c8# 1…b6 2.♘c3+ 2…♔c5 3.♕c8# 2…♔c6 3.♕c8#

PGN Test

[pgn]
[Event “Lodz International-01”]
[Site “Lodz”]
[Date “1935.09.03”]
[Round “1”]
[White “Winter, William”]
[Black “Mikenas, Vladas Ivanovich”]
[Result “1-0”]
[ECO “A97”]
[Annotator “British Chess News & David Hooper”]
[PlyCount “63”]
[EventDate “1935.09.03”]
[EventType “tourn”]
[EventRounds “9”]
[EventCountry “POL”]
[SourceTitle “EXT 1999”]
[Source “ChessBase”]
[SourceDate “1998.11.16”]
[SourceVersion “1”]
[SourceVersionDate “1998.11.16”]
[SourceQuality “1”]

{[%evp 0,63,41,27,27,23,74,41,47,45,48,59,50,42,50,50,82,60,67,55,36,46,61,62,
33,54,43,35,33,30,32,45,123,100,150,220,223,223,247,253,253,253,266,282,392,
390,327,315,333,339,414,332,363,363,408,453,483,505,556,710,753,780,861,906,
916,952]} 1. d4 e6 2. Nf3 f5 3. g3 Nf6 4. Bg2 Be7 5. O-O O-O 6. c4 d6 7. Nc3
Qe8 8. Re1 {This cear-cut move is best. The opening of this games has since
been quoted in all the leading textbooks.} Qh5 (8… Qg6 9. e4) 9. e4 fxe4 10.
Nxe4 Nxe4 11. Rxe4 Nc6 12. Bf4 Bf6 13. h4 h6 14. Rc1 a6 $146 {[#]} ({After}
14… Nxd4 15. Nxd4 Qxd1+ 16. Rxd1 e5 {Black fears} 17. Nb5 {but in preventing
this manoeuvre gets into worse trouble.}) 15. c5 $1 $14 Nxd4 $2 {White answers
this with a fine combination.} 16. Rxd4 $1 (16. cxd6 $1 c5 17. Be5 Bxe5 18.
Nxe5 Qxd1+ 19. Rxd1 $18) (16. Nxd4 Qxd1+ 17. Rxd1 e5 18. cxd6 cxd6 19. Bxh6
gxh6 20. Nc2 $18) (16. Re5) 16… e5 17. Rd5 c6 18. cxd6 $1 {is this the move
that Mikenas missed?} cxd5 19. Qxd5+ Kh8 (19… Qf7 20. Nxe5) 20. Nxe5 Bxe5 21.
Bxe5 Qf7 22. Rc7 Bd7 23. Qxf7 {The most direct way. White gets three pawns for
the exchange and overwhelming control of the board.} (23. Qd2) 23… Rxf7 24.
Bxb7 Re8 25. f4 Be6 26. Bxa6 Bxa2 27. b4 {The passed pawns win in amusing
fashion.} Be6 28. b5 Rd7 29. b6 Rb8 30. b7 Kg8 31. Rc8+ Rd8 32. d7 {and Black
resigned} 1-0
[/pgn]